What is the purpose of using a base coat in nail application?

The purpose of using a base coat in nail application is primarily to prevent staining of the natural nail. When colored polish is applied directly to the nail, especially darker shades, there is a risk that the pigments can penetrate the nail surface and cause discoloration. A base coat acts as a protective barrier that helps to shield the natural nail from these stains, maintaining its original color and appearance.

While a base coat can enhance nail color, create some level of nail strength, and promote even polish application, its most critical function is to ensure that the natural nail remains unstained and in better condition after the removal of nail polish. This aspect of nail care is especially important for maintaining healthy nails over time.